Asset Management Excellence: Mastering Operations and Maintenance Model Parameters
Part 1 – Project Modeling Versus Asset Management
- Asset Management transcends modeling expertise
- Tangible profitability value of drilling down into O&M model entries
- Lofty model expectations, like continuous cash flow, often derailed by O&M realities
Part 2 – Asset Manager's Role in O&M Contractor Selection
- Bottom line risks inherent in long term and short term solutions
- Quantifying low cost versus low risk approaches
- Downside of selecting OEM O&M providers
- Employing a realistic O&M pricing approach
Part 3 – Critical Selection of O&M Organization
- Up front analysis of self operation versus hiring O&M Contractor essential
- Selection of General Manager and Chief Engineer and appropriate roles for each
- Consequences to Asset Manager and stakeholders of key position selections
- Importance of an off-site O&M support structure
Part 4 – Personal Liability of Asset Manager
- Potential employment and career jeopardy
- Utilization of corporate indemnification
- Personal liability in lawsuits and arbitration proceedings
- Necessity of Directors and Officers insurance
Part 5 – Successful Negotiation of O&M Contracts
- Asset Managers role in O&M contract negotiations
- Understanding local requirements where asset is located
- Implications of workers' union
- Structuring effective exit position for equity and debt interests
- Determining optimal payment structure (cost plus, fixed fee, fixed price, hybrid)
- Taking negotiation advantage of differing Banking and Contractor perspectives
- Structuring Effective Performance Guarantee and Bonus Schemes
- Ensuring Responsibilities and Accountabilities are clearly defined
- Recognizing and countering O&M Contractor gamesmanship
- Right pricing long term O&M agreements even when historical data is scarce
Part 6 – Understanding Key O&M Contract Provisions
- Ultimate liability for planned and unplanned maintenance from different perspectives
- Proper allocation of inflation, currency and lost profits risk among the players
- Yielding concessions for limiting contractor's consequential damage liability
- Structuring equitable payment and payment guarantee terms
- Promoting minimum guarantees for production
- Clearly defining terms used in O&M and related contracts (e.g. PPA and O&M)
- Appropriate utilization of insurance to limit project O&M liability
Part 7 – Recognizing Embedded Cash Flow Risks in Commissioning-to-Operations Hand-off
- Establishing and managing construction deficiency list
- Using due diligence checklist to manage transition from construction to operation
- Understanding from shareholder standpoint the overlap between operation and construction phases
- Establishing contractual test protocol for civil, mechanical and electrical completion
- Ensuring compliance with local and country regulations
- Determining who is in charge of hand-off and who should be
- Understanding the natural conflict between revenue generation and project completion from equity and debt perspectives
- Anticipating confusion over Warranty coverage, management and disruption of project
- Handling the inevitable tension between diverse contracting entities and cash flow concerns
Part 8 – Ingredients of a Well Managed O&M Program
- Preparing Operating Plans and Budget Implementation
- What Asset Managers should look for when walking around (focus on safety, environmental management system, strategic spares, proper logs, attitude, housekeeping, tools, visual systems)
- Owners should garner working leaders with an attitude of continuous improvement
- Understanding the impact to the owner's objectives (with reward and recognition)
- How to mandate effective policies and procedures coupled with training
- Employ functional CMMS (Computer Maintenance Management System)
- Establish key performance indicators (KPIs)
- The value of good Fuel management and Plant Chemistry
- The critical importance of Documentation
Part 9 – Importance of O&M Reporting
- O&M reports the Asset Manager should demand
- Informed monitoring of project performance, administrative, safety, environmental and security issues by Asset Manager
- Variance trends that should raise "red flags" with debt and equity interests
- Maintaining strict vigilance over unplanned maintenance and extraordinary expenses
- Audits, statutory reports and Continuous Improvement are windows on project vitality for Asset Managers
Part 10 – When Acts of God and Others Interfere With Project Cash Flows and Shareholder Profits
- Appreciation for the legal concept of Force Majeure and what is included
- Application and negotiation of Force Majeure principles from varying perspectives
- Who bears the risk of Force Majeure Event and who should?
- Critical importance of business interruption insurance to shareholders
Part 12 – Why Projects Fail to Operate Correctly
- Force Majeure events can quickly destroy model expectations
- How equipment and infrastructure failures impact project profitability
- Failure of key vendors to perform can devastate project
- Key customer(s) actions can affect bottom line in numerous ways
- Picking up the tab in the "blame game"
- Unanticipated failures should be expected
- Inadequate Performance Management is unacceptable to debt and equity interests
Part 12 – Protecting Cash Flow During Operational Failures
- Understanding the role of Asset Managers in failure scenarios
- Owners must quantify, stabilize, remediate and adjust
- Establishment of proactive prevention program by shareholders
- Necessary modifications to the project model
Part 13 – Smart Resolution of Business Disputes
- Relative benefits and drawbacks of arbitration and litigation
- Necessary compromises to achieve dispute resolution agreement
- Hidden costs of arbitration/litigation
- Why "home turf" matters to Asset Managers and owners
Part 14 – Avoiding Foreign Corrupt Practices
- Understanding Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in O&M from shareholder context
- Corporate and personal liability of Asset Manager
- Avoidance and reporting imperatives
Part 15 – When Shareholders Should Change O&M Contractors
- How owners should decide when change is needed
- Effective handover techniques which maintain Responsibility and Control
- Pitfalls equity and debt interests need to watch for
Part 16 – Optimizing O&M Asset Management
- Maintain visible project presence
- Make O&M contract work for equity interests
- Understand and use the differing motivational interests of owners, bankers and contractors
- Treat the project model as "living" O&M tool